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Y To aZZvwhom it may concern:

'I'Floors, Oeilincrs Unirse STATES PATENT Umeres.-

PIERRE J.' LEONARD DE RACHE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CONSTRUCTION OF FLOORS, OEILINGS, ARCHES, 86o.

sPEcIFIcATIoNforming pam;k of Letters Patent No. 506,4'7s, datentv october 10,1393..

' Appnationna June 11,1892.y serian. 436,316. k(No moana' i Beit known that I, PIERREJ LEONARD DE vRACHE, of New York city, in the county and State'of NewYork, have invented newvand useful. Improvements in the Construction of Y g1, Arches, and Similar Structures, of which the following is a full, clear,

and exact description.` My inventlon relates ,to irnprovementsfin` the cnstruction of hoors, ceilings and arches. y l Ihe lobJect of my invention 1s to produce a combined iioor, arch and ceiling in which the ceiling is fiat, the floor arched, but provided d Tease not being shown.

with a flat top surface, and in which a comparatively large and unobstructed air chamber 1s arranged between the floor and ceiling, this chamber serving as a deafening chamber and preventing sound from being carried vert-lcally through the oor and ceiling.

A further object of my invention is to construct a floor, ceiling and arch which may be cheaply made and will have great strength.

To this end my invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described and claimed. d Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.-

Figure l is a cross section of an arched floor andvceiling. Fig. 2 is a view of aslightly modified form of the same, the ceilinginthis Fig. 3 is a plan view of the arched Iioor illustrated in Fig. 2. Fig.

4 is a cross section on the line 4 4 in Fig. 3;

and Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line 5-'5 Y .in Fig. 3.

Vthese being .The archedfloor and ceiling illustrated in Fig. 1 1s arranged between parallel beams or girders 10 of the vusual kind, and the ceiling 1s composed of bricks, blocks, tiles 11, or similai` things commonly used for the purpose, laid in parallel courses but soas to b reak joints; and the said bricks, blocks, or tiles are laid perfectly flat while the blocks k11 which bear upon the anges of the girders 10 and which come at the ends ofthe courses, are recessed to iit snugly upon .the ianges of the girders and have lips 12 which l project beneath the girders so that a key 13 may be lnserted between the lips of opposite 11 to form a dead air chamber between the Hoor and ceiling. It' greater strength is required, however, the skewbacks-l/t may be dispensed with andthe end blocks 15 placedv directly upon the Lbearing blocks 11a and against the girders 10, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1. The floor ymay be evened up by laying concrete at the ends of the arch, as illustrated at 16 in Fig. 1. As shownin Figs. 2 to 5, the arch is constructed with a viewof giving it great strength, and the ceiling is not shown. In this construction the girders 10 are placed parallel with each other, as above described, and skew backs or bearing blocks 17 are fitted tothe llower portions of the girders in substantially the way the blocksl 11a are fitted, as described above, and between vthe girders are placed cross beams or tie bars 18 which may be of vany approvedform and the ceiling, made ofv blocks, tiles,'or, similar things 11, may be laid between girders and` parallel with the beams or tie'bars 18, as already described. y f l The skew backs or bearing blocks 17 vhave bearing faces 17?l on their upper andv inner sides, which are inclined so., that the arch blocks or tiles 15 may be built out from the bearing faces at a right angle. The floor or "arch made up of the blocks or tiles 15, bears, l atnecessary intervalsupon its upper sideand near the ends, vertical supports 19` formed of bricks, blocks, tiles or similar things which are built up so'as to .be levelon top, and

these may support stringers 20, as shown atv the left-hand in Figs. 2.and 3, or instead of laying this sort'of a door, slabs -23-of *suitable material may be laid upon the supports 19, as shown at the right-hand' in Figs. .2, 3 and 5, Y

and thek door between thefcenter of the arch and the slabs leveled up withfcon'crete 24.

It will be observed that the form` of arch and adjacent bearing blocks, thus covering Ico Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- In the construction of floors, ceilings, arches, and similar structures, an archy formed of.

parallel beams,. parallell courses of bricks, blocks. tiles, or similar things arranged between the beams and forming a ceiling, supporting blockskor skew backs arranged above the courses and adjacent to the beams, and a curved floor supported on the skew backs bev .tween the beams, the floor and ceiling having aclear and unobstructed space between them, substantially as described. PIERRE J. LEONARD DE RACHE.

Witnesses:

WARREN B. HU'rcHINsON, HENRY RAMMISEN. 

